The last block Kamigawa is generally regarded as the worst block Magic's history and it itself had followed up what is consider one of the more degenerate blocks magics history. Magic was floundering and the next set would have to wow people to bring the players who quit in the last two years back into the game.

spolier: they succeeded
Ravinca: City of Guilds was the first set of the extremely popular Ravnica block. It's so well remembered because it is an exemplar of good design and also because it was the backbone of one of the best standard formats in history. The format that Ravnica created was also closer to being the format that people who designed the set had in mind than ever before. On top of all that the set was dripping with flavor which interwove with the mechanics like never before. So what exactly made Ravnica such a sucess?
Let's start with this
This was the first card from Ravnica block to be officially spoiled and it along with the other nine "shocklands" as they would be termed would redefine what sort of decks you could play. First in standard, then in extended, and then in modern. What made these new lands so revolutionary is that the were good in fast decks and they were also good in slow decks. They let aggressive have the best mana bases since the original dual lands. Basically any 2-3 color deck you could dream up could have a solid mana base and that went a long way to creating a format with 10-20 competitive decks at once. (and let a new generation of players experience the joy of playing Kird Ape and Savannah Lions in the same deck) But A-class mana fixing wasn't all Ravnica had.
These guys were here too.
The core of Ravnica are the 10 Guilds, one for each 2-color combination. The were the major power players in a city that covered an entire plane, the prosperity of which rested on the magical Guildpact which curbed outright war between the guild and gave each one of them a role in administering the city (sort of like factions in Sigil only not stupid) Every guild was designed with a unique identity and every guild had
-a shockland
-a karoo (comes into play tapped and makes you return a land to your hand but taps for one mana of each of the guilds colors)
-a guildhome (taps for colorless but has a repeatable effect you can activate for mana of both of the guilds colors)
-a hybrid mana spell at common and rare
-a guildmage (a 2/2 for 2 hybrid mana with a activated ability for both of the guilds colors)
-a signet (2 mana artifact with 1:tap and one mana of both of the guilds colors)
-a guildmaster (big splashy legend in both the guilds colors)
-a guild champion (slightly smaller legend in both the guilds colors)
-an artifact with an ability that cost guild colors to activate
-two 1 color spells that got better if you cast them using one of the guilds other colors
-a keyword mechanic
As with basically every set the guilds got some cards that rocked your socks and others that were turkeys but every Guild had one or more decks in it's colors that was viable which is a level of diversity rarely seen in standard.
there were good U/B decks but none of them played this card
In order to cram all these guilds into a block however they had to split them up. Ravnica: City of Guilds only had Boros (W/R) Dimir (U/B) Golgari (B/G) and Selesnya (W/G). The other Guilds would have to wait for later sets. This was probally great for marketing at the time because once people had a taste there was a great deal of anticipation to finding out what the U/R guildmage did and so on. So lets meet the guilds in detail
The Boros Legion

hope you like small creatures and burn spells
The Boros were the breakout hit of the set by a fair margin evidenced by how we still call decks with small white creatures and burn "Boros". Flavorwise the Boros were Ravnica's police force combining white-flavored morality with red-flavored passion. While White and Red are sort of an odd pair philosophially they share a love a small creatures and the paring was a match made in aggro heaven. Their guild mechanic Radiance(effect on target {thing} effects all {things} that share a color with it) was pants but the presence of shocklands+painlands completely changed what type of aggro deck you could play. Now you could essentially play white creatures in your red deck and still be consistent. The standout card that was specially Boros is certainly Lighting Helix
It's lighting Helix oh my god!
The Boros deck was near constant presence in Ravinca era standard as the Formats Sligh variant. It played efficient white creatures and burn spells and was generally the jack of all trades among aggro decks of the era.
House Dimir

hope you like mill
spoiler: you don't
Ravnica's knowledge brokers and spies House Dimir is so secretive that officially they do not exist. Dimir is defined by is love of mucking around with libraries. The Dimir mechanic Transmute was ballin' it let you discard the card to search your library for a card with the same converted mana cost.
Unfortunately the guild had a millstone around it's neck in the form of it trying to push decking out you opponent as a win condition. Much like Azorius the color combination of Blue Black control was intrinsically powerful so the R&D was unwilling to give it a killer app in constructed. The result was that blue decks didn't play watery grave and went looking for killer apps elsewhere. Though there was a scattering of U/B tempo decks it generally wouldn't be until Time Spiral block (and Mystical Teachings was printed) that U/B control would become a dominate force in the metagame.
this card is not as good as some people thought
The biggest impact the Dimir cards had on the meta-game immediately was the a deck the only played one swamp. Heartbeat Combo used Muddle the Mixture and Drift of Phantasms as tutors (and in the case of Muddle to get your combo past counters. It would be the last time a "mana engine" deck was able to see play in standard.
The Golgari Swarm

hope you like graveyard themes
The Golgari Swarm are a cabal on necromancers who also provide food for Ravinca's poor assumably through the most metal soup kitchens imaginable. The're big on the cycle of life and death and their mechanic un-lives on in eternal format infamy. Dredge asks "hey instead of drawing a card would you like to put the top X cards of your library into you graveyard and then put this one into your hand". The answer as it turned out in eternal formats was a: hell yes and the b: can you make X a large as possible please.
One of these saw very marginal standard play while the other two helped force every legacy into play 6-8 pieces of graveyard hate in their sideboard
Unlike Dimir the Golgari did have a Killer App for standard and it was Putrefy since it killed their creatures and it killed Umezawa's Jitte but dedicated B/G was rarer than decks that just splashed Black or Green for Putrefy
This card is sweet but you have forests in you deck and Sakura-Tribe Elder is a card why are you limiting yourself to two colors
The Selesnya Conclave

hope you like saprolings
For most of magics history the worst color has been White or Green and the second worst color has been whichever one of those colors wasn't the worst. So when a W/G deck won world championship just after the release of Ravinca city of Guilds you have to assume that something went unexpectedly right.
it turned out that these cards were very good against the metagame at 2005 Worlds
The Selesnya are a creepy nature cult that's into the greater good and hive-minds. Their mechanic is Convoke which let's all you creatures make like Llanowar Elves and tap to cast the spell in question. R&D had recently been burned by another cost reducing mechanic so the powerlevel of most convoke spells was low with the exception of Chord of Calling which eventually saw some play before seeing new life in modern. However of all the guilds Selesnya had some of the best multi-color cards printed for it. Loxodon Heirarch was above the curve at the time and just one of him threw a wrench in any aggro decks plan of attack (and the three elephant parade that Congregation tutored up on turn 2 was basically gg) Glare of Subdual was sweet tech against the blue control decks of the time because the usually couldn't stop and once it was in play and it shrekt their plan of killing you with Kamigawa legends. Watchwolf get's an honorable mention here for being way above the curve but not having much of a place in the metagame outside Zoo.
So Guild specific cards weren't all that good. Where did that awesome standard format come from? We'll find out next time.





